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{{Infobox scientist
| name = John Stewart Bell
| image = John_Stewart_Bell.png
| caption = John Bell
| birth_date = 28 June 1928
| birth_place = Belfast, Northern Ireland
| death_date = 1 October 1990
| death_place = Geneva, Switzerland
| fields = Physics
| workplaces = CERN
| alma_mater = Queen's University Belfast; University of Birmingham
| known_for = Bell's theorem; Bell inequalities; foundations of quantum mechanics
}}

'''John Stewart Bell''' (28 June 1928 - 1 October 1990) was a Northern Irish physicist best known for [[Physics:Quantum Bell's theorem|Bell's theorem]], a result that transformed debates about the foundations of quantum mechanics into experimentally testable questions. Bell showed that broad classes of local hidden-variable theories imply inequalities that are violated by the predictions of quantum mechanics.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Bell |first=J. S. |title=On the Einstein Podolsky Rosen paradox |journal=Physics Physique Fizika |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=195-200 |year=1964 |doi=10.1103/PhysicsPhysiqueFizika.1.195}}</ref>

Bell worked for much of his career at CERN, where he contributed to accelerator physics and theoretical physics. His most famous work addressed the conceptual tension between [[Physics:Quantum entanglement|entanglement]], locality, and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument. Later experiments inspired by Bell's theorem became central to modern quantum information science.

== Bell's theorem ==
Bell's theorem clarified that the disagreement between quantum mechanics and local hidden-variable theories is not merely philosophical. It produces measurable statistical constraints, now called Bell inequalities. Experiments violating these inequalities support the quantum prediction that entangled systems can display correlations stronger than any allowed by local hidden-variable models.

Bell's work is closely connected with [[Physics:Quantum nonlocality|quantum nonlocality]], [[Physics:Quantum Hidden variable theory|hidden-variable theory]], and the measurement foundations of quantum theory. It also helped prepare the conceptual ground for quantum information, device-independent tests, and modern entanglement experiments.

== See also ==
* [[Physics:Quantum Bell's theorem]]
* [[Physics:Quantum entanglement]]
* [[Physics:Quantum nonlocality]]
* [[Physics:Quantum Hidden variable theory]]

== References ==
{{reflist|3}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bell, John Stewart}}
[[Category:Quantum physicists]]
[[Category:Theoretical physicists]]

{{Sourceattribution|Biography:John Bell|1}}

Biography:John Bell - Revision history

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