Physics:Quantum atoms/valence electron - Revision history

WikiHarold: Clean Quantum page image and red links

2026-05-23T23:33:36Z

Clean Quantum page image and red links

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:33, 23 May 2026
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	<div style="width:300px;">		<div style="width:300px;">
	~~<!-- No lead image available~~ in ~~existing page~~. ~~-->~~		[[File:Quantum_atoms_valence_electron_concept_map.svg\|thumb\|280px\|valence electron in the Quantum Collection.]]
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WikiHarold: Expand short Quantum intro

2026-05-23T22:58:52Z

Expand short Quantum intro

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:58, 23 May 2026
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	<div style="flex:1; line-height:1.45; color:#006b45; column-count:2; column-gap:32px; column-rule:1px solid #b8d8c8;">		<div style="flex:1; line-height:1.45; color:#006b45; column-count:2; column-gap:32px; column-rule:1px solid #b8d8c8;">
	A '''valence electron''' is an outer electron that can participate in bonding, conduction, or optical transitions.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Petrucci \|first=Ralph H. \|last2=Harwood \|first2=William S. \|last3=Herring \|first3=F. Geoffrey \|title=General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications \|edition=8th \|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ \|publisher=Prentice Hall \|year=2002 \|page=339 \|isbn=978-0-13-014329-7}}</ref> Its quantum state strongly influences the chemical and material behavior of atoms.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Keeler \|first=James \|last2=Wothers \|first2=Peter \|title=Chemical Structure and Reactivity \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|year=2014 \|pages=257-260 \|isbn=978-0-19-9604135}}</ref>		'''valence electron''' is a Book II topic in the Quantum Collection. A '''valence electron''' is an outer electron that can participate in bonding, conduction, or optical transitions.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Petrucci \|first=Ralph H. \|last2=Harwood \|first2=William S. \|last3=Herring \|first3=F. Geoffrey \|title=General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications \|edition=8th \|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ \|publisher=Prentice Hall \|year=2002 \|page=339 \|isbn=978-0-13-014329-7}}</ref> Its quantum state strongly influences the chemical and material behavior of atoms.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Keeler \|first=James \|last2=Wothers \|first2=Peter \|title=Chemical Structure and Reactivity \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|year=2014 \|pages=257-260 \|isbn=978-0-19-9604135}}</ref> Valence electrons are important because they determine bonding, ionization, optical transitions, and much of the periodic table's chemical behavior. In quantum mechanics they occupy orbitals with specific energies, angular momenta, and spin states. Their wavefunctions overlap between atoms to form molecular orbitals, bands in solids, and the electronic structure behind materials.
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WikiHarold: Remove leftover non-inline reference bullets

2026-05-23T22:16:39Z

Remove leftover non-inline reference bullets

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:16, 23 May 2026
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	{{Author\|Harold Foppele}}		{{Author\|Harold Foppele}}
	{{Sourceattribution\|Physics:Quantum atoms/valence electron\|1}}		{{Sourceattribution\|Physics:Quantum atoms/valence electron\|1}}
	* {{Cite web \|title=Valence electron \|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/valence-electron \|website=Encyclopaedia Britannica \|access-date=2026-05-23}}
	* {{Cite book \|last=Atkins \|first=Peter \|last2=de Paula \|first2=Julio \|title=Physical Chemistry \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|year=2014 \|isbn=978-0-19-969740-3}}

WikiHarold: Move Quantum references inline

2026-05-23T22:15:17Z

Move Quantum references inline

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:15, 23 May 2026
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	<div style="flex:1; line-height:1.45; color:#006b45; column-count:2; column-gap:32px; column-rule:1px solid #b8d8c8;">		<div style="flex:1; line-height:1.45; color:#006b45; column-count:2; column-gap:32px; column-rule:1px solid #b8d8c8;">
	A '''valence electron''' is an outer electron that can participate in bonding, conduction, or optical transitions. Its quantum state strongly influences the chemical and material behavior of atoms.		A '''valence electron''' is an outer electron that can participate in bonding, conduction, or optical transitions.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Petrucci \|first=Ralph H. \|last2=Harwood \|first2=William S. \|last3=Herring \|first3=F. Geoffrey \|title=General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications \|edition=8th \|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ \|publisher=Prentice Hall \|year=2002 \|page=339 \|isbn=978-0-13-014329-7}}</ref> Its quantum state strongly influences the chemical and material behavior of atoms.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Keeler \|first=James \|last2=Wothers \|first2=Peter \|title=Chemical Structure and Reactivity \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|year=2014 \|pages=257-260 \|isbn=978-0-19-9604135}}</ref>
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	== References ==		== References ==
	{{reflist\|3}}		{{reflist\|3}}
	* {{Cite book \|last=Petrucci \|first=Ralph H. \|last2=Harwood \|first2=William S. \|last3=Herring \|first3=F. Geoffrey \|title=General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications \|edition=8th \|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ \|publisher=Prentice Hall \|year=2002 \|page=339 \|isbn=978-0-13-014329-7}}
	* {{Cite book \|last=Miessler \|first=Gary L. \|last2=Tarr \|first2=Donald A. \|title=Inorganic Chemistry \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Prentice Hall \|year=1999 \|page=48}}
	* {{Cite book \|last=Keeler \|first=James \|last2=Wothers \|first2=Peter \|title=Chemical Structure and Reactivity \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|year=2014 \|pages=257-260 \|isbn=978-0-19-9604135}}
	* {{Cite book \|last=Greenwood \|first=Norman N. \|last2=Earnshaw \|first2=Alan \|title=Chemistry of the Elements \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann \|year=1997 \|page=117 \|doi=10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6 \|isbn=978-0-08-037941-8}}

	{{Author\|Harold Foppele}}		{{Author\|Harold Foppele}}

WikiHarold: Replace Quantum references with Wikipedia-sourced references

2026-05-23T22:03:06Z

Replace Quantum references with Wikipedia-sourced references

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:03, 23 May 2026
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	== References ==		== References ==
	{{reflist\|3}}		{{reflist\|3}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Petrucci \|first=Ralph H. \|last2=Harwood \|first2=William S. \|last3=Herring \|first3=F. Geoffrey \|title=General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications \|edition=8th \|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ \|publisher=Prentice Hall \|year=2002 \|page=339 \|isbn=978-0-13-014329-7}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Miessler \|first=Gary L. \|last2=Tarr \|first2=Donald A. \|title=Inorganic Chemistry \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Prentice Hall \|year=1999 \|page=48}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Keeler \|first=James \|last2=Wothers \|first2=Peter \|title=Chemical Structure and Reactivity \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|year=2014 \|pages=257-260 \|isbn=978-0-19-9604135}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Greenwood \|first=Norman N. \|last2=Earnshaw \|first2=Alan \|title=Chemistry of the Elements \|edition=2nd \|publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann \|year=1997 \|page=117 \|doi=10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6 \|isbn=978-0-08-037941-8}}

	{{Author\|Harold Foppele}}		{{Author\|Harold Foppele}}

WikiHarold: Remove leading BOM from Quantum page

2026-05-23T21:55:41Z

Remove leading BOM from Quantum page

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:55, 23 May 2026
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	{{Short description\|valence electron in quantum matter}}		{{Short description\|valence electron in quantum matter}}
	{{Quantum matter backlink\|Atoms}}		{{Quantum matter backlink\|Atoms}}
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WikiHarold: Repair Quantum page See also and references

2026-05-23T21:53:43Z

Repair Quantum page See also and references

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	{{Short description\|valence electron in quantum matter}}		{{Short description\|valence electron in quantum matter}}
	{{Quantum matter backlink\|Atoms}}		{{Quantum matter backlink\|Atoms}}
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	{{Author\|Harold Foppele}}		{{Author\|Harold Foppele}}
	{{Sourceattribution\|Physics:Quantum atoms/valence electron\|1}}		{{Sourceattribution\|Physics:Quantum atoms/valence electron\|1}}
			* {{Cite web \|title=Valence electron \|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/valence-electron \|website=Encyclopaedia Britannica \|access-date=2026-05-23}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Atkins \|first=Peter \|last2=de Paula \|first2=Julio \|title=Physical Chemistry \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|year=2014 \|isbn=978-0-19-969740-3}}

WikiHarold: Restore Quantum article header layout

2026-05-23T21:41:48Z

Restore Quantum article header layout

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:41, 23 May 2026
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	{{Short description\|valence electron in quantum matter}}		{{Short description\|valence electron in quantum matter}}
	{{Quantum matter backlink\|Atoms}}		{{Quantum matter backlink\|Atoms}}
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	A '''valence electron''' is an outer electron that can participate in bonding, conduction, or optical transitions. Its quantum state strongly influences the chemical and material behavior of atoms.		A '''valence electron''' is an outer electron that can participate in bonding, conduction, or optical transitions. Its quantum state strongly influences the chemical and material behavior of atoms.
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	== See also ==		== See also ==

Maintenance script: Remove leading hidden BOM character

2026-05-23T07:45:57Z

Remove leading hidden BOM character

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	{{Short description\|valence electron in quantum matter}}		{{Short description\|valence electron in quantum matter}}
	{{Quantum matter backlink\|Atoms}}		{{Quantum matter backlink\|Atoms}}

Maintenance script: Create support page

2026-05-20T07:33:29Z

Create support page

New page

{{Short description|valence electron in quantum matter}}
{{Quantum matter backlink|Atoms}}

A '''valence electron''' is an outer electron that can participate in bonding, conduction, or optical transitions. Its quantum state strongly influences the chemical and material behavior of atoms.

== See also ==
{{#invoke:PhysicsQC|tocHeadingAndList|Physics:Quantum basics/See also/Matter}}

== References ==
{{reflist|3}}

{{Author|Harold Foppele}}
{{Sourceattribution|Physics:Quantum atoms/valence electron|1}}